Cost to tune a piano

Mar 8, 2019 · That C natural isn’t as rich as it was; actually, it’s really out of tune. If this is your first tuning then you might be wondering just how much it costs to tune a piano. So, how much does it cost to tune a piano? The cost of a piano tuner varies. Typically a piano tuner will change around $150 – $200 to tune your piano. Why does a piano need maintenance? Regular maintenance is essential if a piano is to continue to play and sound at its best. The mechanism has over 1000 moving parts, which are subject to wear and tear and therefore need to be regulated to ensure optimum performance and feel.The cost to restring a piano can be over $10,000 depending on the piano’s style and overall condition. If an upright piano is in relatively good condition and needs only to be restrung, it may take 20 to 25 hours and about $2000; a grand piano in a similar condition may cost about $3000. Since we are talking about old pianos, it is more ...It costs $100-$200 for your average piano tune up. If your piano is out of tune enough to need multiple tunings then it could cost several hundred more. This may seem expensive, however, other piano maintenance can cost much more such as piano regulation or restringing. A piano that hasn’t been tuned in a long time will go out of tune again very quickly. How long does it take to tune a piano? A qualified technician can tune a piano in less than 1.5 hours. An appointment to tune your piano is expected to be around 2 hours to allow for unforeseen repairs or adjustments and a little banter with you, the piano ... The cost of a piano tuning can vary. Factors such as geographic location, the experience level of the tuner, and how far out of tune your piano is will all impact the final answer. Typically, you can expect to pay anywhere between $100 and $200 to have your piano tuned.The cost of tuning a Baldwin piano can vary depending on the location of the piano and the technician performing the tuning. Generally, the cost for tuning a Baldwin piano ranges from $100 to $200. A piano tune typically costs between $65 and $225. If the piano requires multiple tuning sessions or repairs, the price may rise by …When it comes to ensuring the optimal performance and longevity of your piano, regular tuning is essential. Finding a skilled and reliable piano tuner in your area can make all the...Whether you need a piano tuning, repair, or restoration, you can find a qualified and experienced tuner from the Pianoforte Tuners' Association. Search by postcode or region to find a tuner near you.The restoration process can be split into three sections: 1. The Structural Restoration (sometimes called acoustic restoration). (sometimes called acoustic restoration). This would be required if your piano does not stay in tune, or if there is a serious fault with the soundboard, and bridges, possibly causing your piano to vibrate. 2.Piano tuning costs $100 to $200 total or $70 to $100 per hour on average, depending on when the piano was last tuned.Regular tuning prevents damage over time. Is it worth restoring an old piano? An old piano is worth restoring when the resale or sentimental value is greater than the restoration price. How much does it cost to tune my piano? Typically, most piano tuners charge by the hour, but $100 to $200 every 6-12 months is much cheaper than having the piano restrung. This process can sometimes cost nearly as much as a piano itself. Regular tuning will also ensure that the instrument sounds its best and that people can successfully play it. The age of the piano is a huge factor in determining the cost to be charged for piano tuning. If the piano is a bit old, it requires more work, and as a result, the cost of tuning increases. If the piano is new, however, it only requires a little touch-up, and therefore the cost will be considerably lower. Piano Tuning Costs. Piano tuning cost depends mainly on the area in Auckland where the piano is located. We charge $190 in the Auckland city and North Shore area. There may be additional travel expenses applied for certain out-lying suburbs. If your piano has not been tuned for a long time and has dropped flat, or if you need your piano tuned ... A baby grand piano is classified as such because of its length, which varies from 4 feet 6 inches at the smallest and 5 feet 8 inches at the largest. Most baby grand pianos are 5 f...The average piano removal cost is $1,125 for long distances and $400 for short distances. It costs an average of $5.75 per mile in travel fees to remove a piano. You can expect to spend an extra $100 per staircase when you move a piano. Professionals charge you based on size, weight, how many steps you have, and gas mileage.Jun 1, 2022 · Standard tuning services in the United States cost approximately $120 to $160, but some entry-level piano technicians should be able to work for a little less. Experienced piano tuners may ask for as much as $300 per session. Tuning a piano is not only important for playing music, but it’s also a vital part of piano maintenance. Occasionally, there may be extra costs. For example, if your piano is badly out of tune and requires 'pitch raising'. You will always be notified of this before ...The cost of tuning a piano can vary depending on several factors, including your location, the condition of the piano, and the expertise of the tuner. On average, a standard piano tuning can cost between $100 and $200. However, prices can range outside of this range.Piano Tuning Costs. Piano tuning cost depends mainly on the area in Auckland where the piano is located. We charge $190 in the Auckland city and North Shore area. There may be additional travel expenses applied for certain out-lying suburbs. If your piano has not been tuned for a long time and has dropped flat, or if you need your piano tuned ...An hourly rate, with a minimum charge of 2 or 3 hours. A set fee, determined by the factors mentioned above. The most accurate way to find the cost of piano movers is to contact companies directly, and our advice would be to try and ascertain a fixed, total cost for the whole job upfront so you know where you stand.It costs $100-$200 for your average piano tune up. If your piano is out of tune enough to need multiple tunings then it could cost several hundred more. This may seem expensive, however, other piano maintenance can cost much more such as piano regulation or restringing.Pianos are hefty, awkward and delicate. On average, moving a piano in the U.S. costs around $400 —give or take about $100. Some companies could charge as low as $150, while for longer distance ...ServicesEnquiries. Paul Tizzard. I have been tuning, servicing and refurbishing pianos in the greater Cape Town area for over 25 years. I personally attend to the pianos I am privileged to look after. My work is guaranteed, I have over 1000 satisfied clients and hope to have you as one soon.We would love to hear from you. [email protected]. There are many fly-by-nights out there, to whom there is no redress, so let us take care of your Piano. Every piano technician listed on this website has been examined and certified by the committee of the South African Association of Professional Piano Tuners.The cost to restring a piano can be over $10,000 depending on the piano’s style and overall condition. If an upright piano is in relatively good condition and needs only to be restrung, it may take 20 to 25 hours …No matter the brand or size of your piano, it has been assigned a serial number. Some companies or models may have the number in different places but each one should have identifyi...Worried your HVAC system might break down? Discover how you can prevent that from happening with a preseason HVAC tune-up. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Latest View A...Our standard tuning rate is $150.00 + HST = $169.50. This assumes that the piano can be brought to pitch in under an hour and a half. If the piano has not been ...On average, a piano tuning can cost anywhere between $50 and $290. This depends on the piano tuner and the condition of the piano. There are a lot of factors that go …Article Summary: Piano tuning is necessary to keep the piano's strings tight and the soundboard in good condition. A piano typically needs tuning a couple.The cost of tuning a spinet piano can vary depending on various factors such as the location, the condition of the piano, and the experience of the technician. On average, the cost of tuning a spinet piano can range from $100 to $200.A baby grand piano is classified as such because of its length, which varies from 4 feet 6 inches at the smallest and 5 feet 8 inches at the largest. Most baby grand pianos are 5 f...Your piano experts for Restoration, Sales and Piano Tuning. We help with every aspect of buying, owning and playing pianos. Weymouth Pianos. Established in 1980. 01305 783443; [email protected]; PLEASE LET US KNOW IF YOU HAVE COVID-19 SYMPTOMS. Home. Tuning. Sales. Restoration. Accessories. About Us. Care.Because your piano tuner travels to your home, spends at least an hour with your piano, and offers a highly skilled service, you can expect to pay them $100 or more to tune your piano. To find a good piano tuner or technician, try contacting your local piano store, piano school, piano teacher, college with a music program, or ask a friend or neighbor who … How much does it cost to tune my piano? Typically, most piano tuners charge by the hour, but $100 to $200 every 6-12 months is much cheaper than having the piano restrung. This process can sometimes cost nearly as much as a piano itself. Regular tuning will also ensure that the instrument sounds its best and that people can successfully play it. If you have a piano that is no longer being used and taking up valuable space in your home, donating it to someone in need is a wonderful way to support the arts. One great option ...Where we live, far from London, I think they charged about £40 5 yrs ago and it took 45 minutes or so if they laboured over it (grand piano so more to check on). Also, what standard you want it tuned to. Most people go for a relatively in tune standard which isn't as good as concert pitch (would cost a lot more).The cost to tune a piano varies based on multiple factors but on average, it costs about $100. In this guide, we’ll reveal the costs involved with tuning a piano, explain why it’s …If you own a piano, you understand the importance of regular tuning to maintain its optimal sound quality. However, finding reliable piano tuners in your area can be a daunting tas...Ask the piano technician what they charge for tuning, and what additional costs for repairs might be. Typical prices for piano tuning are at least $100, but can ...For an upright piano, it can cost anywhere from $500-$1,000 depending on the type of strings used. For a grand piano, it can cost up to $2,000 or more. Tuning the new strings is also necessary and can cost an additional $100-$200. It’s important to have a professional do the job to ensure that your piano is properly restrung and tuned.A baby grand piano will generally cost around $20,000 to $135,000, while a full concert grand piano will cost between a whopping $60,000 and $287,000. So the concert grand pianos are certainly not for beginners. The cheaper baby grand piano brands include Yamaha, Kawaii, Brodmann, and Baldwin, while the more expensive …A: Most modern pianos cost $220 provided they are tuned serviced at least once every 1-2 years. Older pianos, (often pianos over 40), can take longer to tune, and cost $300. Pianos that are very far out of tune, either from having new strings, being moved, or not regularly maintained for ~3-20 years may need a catch up tuning service, (aka ... The price of a routine tuning can vary between 100$ and 200$ ( in the US ). The time it takes to tune a grand piano or upright can take from 1.5 hours to several hours. If you are replacing the soundboard, you will need to tune the strings four times after putting them in. This takes between 10 and 20 days. How Much Does It Cost to Tune a Piano? The cost of tuning a piano can vary depending on several factors, including your location, the condition of the piano, and the expertise of the tuner. On average, a standard piano tuning can cost between $100 and $200. However, prices can range outside of this range. Price? Standard piano tuning for all pianos in the local region is from $220. If your piano has not been tuned for more than 3 years, additional tuning maybe required called pitch raise. For Pitch Raise is from $280. Repairs are estimated upon inspection. Bookings are essential. - No surcharge on card payments under $1k.The national average to have a piano turned ranges between $100 and $120. This may vary based on the type of piano and the exact rate that the professional is charging. If the piano is played often it will not be as much work to have it tuned and this will be on the lower end of the cost.Before you use a mower, trimmer, blower, chain saw or pruner this season, inspect equipment, review equipment manuals, and look over safety procedures. Expert Advice On Improving Y...Whether you need a piano tuning, repair, or restoration, you can find a qualified and experienced tuner from the Pianoforte Tuners' Association. Search by postcode or region to find a tuner near you.A Full Service Piano Tuning is $150 plus tax. This includes inspection and adjustments as well as minor repairs. It also includes adjusting the pedals, ...An out-of-tune piano or and unresponsive touch can discourage even novice musicians. Regular maintenance also can prevent expensive repairs in the future. ... Our price for a piano tuning is $ 195.00 (taxes included). Contact us for more information on piano tuning. Visit Ottawa Pianos. 1412 Bank Street Ottawa, ON K1H 7Y9. Music School: 613 …By contrast, these companies will charge more to tune a piano that has not been re-tuned very often, if at all, because more work will be required to get it sounding right. As a general rule, all things considered, you can expect to pay between $50 and $150 for basic piano tuning. If the tuning efforts are going to be more extensive, such as ... A basic tuning will typically set you back about $250-$350, while a more thorough “spiff job” on an older instrument can cost up to $450-$650. It can be hard to play an old piano. If you have one, you might need to regulate it. You could pay $200-$600 on average to regulate it. A Full Service Piano Tuning is $150 plus tax. This includes inspection and adjustments as well as minor repairs. It also includes adjusting the pedals, ...How much does it really cost to have a piano tuned? Answered all questions about piano tuning cost factors.If you are in need of a professional to tune, repair, restore or regulate ... Professional Piano Restoration, Regulation, Tuning & Repairs at Competitive Prices ...Pianos have over 200 strings with about 150 lbs. of tension on each string. That totals around 30,000 lbs. of tension. As a result, pianos are constantly dropping in pitch. If your piano has dropped too much to be brought up in one tuning, it would require a pitch raise OR two tunings spaced by a couple of weeks in between tunings How Much Does It Cost to Tune a Piano? The cost of tuning a piano can vary depending on several factors, including your location, the condition of the piano, and the expertise of the tuner. On average, a standard piano tuning can cost between $100 and $200. However, prices can range outside of this range. Piano Tuning can range from $100.00 to $200.00 depending on the location and how out of tune the piano is, most piano tuners in Chicago charge around $160.00 for a standard A-440 tuning and $200.00 for a pitch raise tuning.After comparing the different companies and the independent technicians, we understood that the average cost of tuning a piano varies between $100 to $175. If the piano …A: Most modern pianos cost $220 provided they are tuned serviced at least once every 1-2 years. Older pianos, (often pianos over 40), can take longer to tune, and cost $300. Pianos that are very far out of tune, either from having new strings, being moved, or not regularly maintained for ~3-20 years may need a catch up tuning service, (aka ...See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Piano Tuning in Colorado Springs, CO - February 2024 - Yelp - Tunings by Dave, Jeffrey Huspek, LJ's Piano Tuning & Repair, Joan's Piano Service, Art Heller, Arapahoe Piano Tuning, PianoMaster, Roche Piano Services, The Felted Hammer, Superior Pianos.To complement our restoration, repairs and piano tuning, we offer a range of ancillary services that include expert piano transportation to make sure your piano is moved as safely as possible. You can’t move a piano like a piece of furniture – let us take care of it and you’ll save yourself heartache and cost in the future.Our prices aren’t expensive – in fact we’re a little below average. Our technicians are well-trained and are authorized by many of the top manufacturers. And our service team will make booking the appointment easy and painless. So give us a call today at 905 829 2020 x 228, or email us at [email protected] and and let us know how ...19 Mins read. Tuning a piano is an essential aspect of its maintenance, required to ensure the instrument’s optimal sound quality and lifespan. It is a multifaceted process that …Hi there, Just wondering what one should expect to pay to have a piano tuned. Hi there, Just wondering what one should expect to pay to have a piano tuned. ... Got to remember if bonafide tuner - this includes VAT, travel (price of diesel!!) and tax. 0 #6 27-05-2008 3:31pm. smog.Sometimes, it felt like a giant, surreal slumber party. From touristy Thamel to the residential Tangal neighbourhood, the embassy area of Lainchaur to Lalitpur in the outskirts, Ka...'The Theory and Practice of Piano Tuning - Capleton' and 'Piano Servicing, Tuning, and Rebuilding - Reblitz' are two of the bibles on the topic. 0 #5 10-12-2008 8:47pm. murraymints. ... As a piano tuner myself, I charge €60 per piano plus travel costs. I am based in Mayo. PM me for more details.It costs anywhere from $60 to $300 to tune your piano, or even more depending on the complexity. That average cost is based on the general $60-$100 per hour piano tuning cost. If a piano is well maintained, regularly tuned, and in proper humidity and temperature conditions, tuning may only take 1-1 ½ hours.How much does it really cost to have a piano tuned? Answered all questions about piano tuning cost factors.Jun 1, 2022 · Standard tuning services in the United States cost approximately $120 to $160, but some entry-level piano technicians should be able to work for a little less. Experienced piano tuners may ask for as much as $300 per session. Tuning a piano is not only important for playing music, but it’s also a vital part of piano maintenance. Oct 29, 2021 · The national average cost for piano tuning ranges between $100 and $120, although pricing can be higher or lower depending on your piano and other variables. A frequently played piano requires basic tuning every few months, while a lightly played piano may be able to go a year without tuning. 👉 Find a FREE STUDY GUIDE for this series here: https://www.howardpianoindustries.com/content/How%20to%20Tune%20A%20Piano%20Study%20Guide-1.pdfPiano Tuning ...Tuning and any adjustments to the action typically cost me about $300, and I do it at least twice per year. It really depends on how much I play though since I can knock a piano out of tune in a month or two if I get really obsessed with a particular piece.Joined: Jun 2015. Posts: 270. In Saint Louis, a basic tuning costs (me) $125.00. I have the piano tuned 3 times a year, so that gives you a ball park figure for that expense. Re: Cost to tune a baby grand. saltshaker # 2651301 06/06/17 08:40 PM. …Jul 27, 2023 · Step 1. Begin by locating the A4 key on the piano, which is the A above middle C. This key is typically tuned to the industry standard frequency of 440 Hz, but it can vary depending on the desired pitch. Once tuned, you’ll need to identify the unisons, which are pairs or groups of strings that are meant to produce the same pitch. Piano tuning in the Illawarra. David has more than 30 years experience as a piano tuning technician, servicing the Wollongong and the greater Illawarra region. The cost of a tuning may vary depending on your location and the urgency of your booking. $200 Shellharbour, Albion Park and surrounding suburbs. $220 Wollongong and the greater Illawarra.After the first year, a piano should be tuned 1 – 2 times each year (though some owners appreciate the more sustainable results of having their instrument tuned seasonally). Classic Pianos provides expert piano tuning services throughout the Portland area. Call 503-239-9969 to schedule today. A basic tuning will typically set you back about $250-$350, while a more thorough “spiff job” on an older instrument can cost up to $450-$650. It can be hard to play an old piano. If you have one, you might need to regulate it. You could pay $200-$600 on average to regulate it. The average cost to tune a piano is $180 and professional piano tuners charge you $100 per hour. Grand pianos take longer to tune and cost $200, on average. You can …Piano tuning costs $100 to $200 total or $70 to $100 per hour on average, depending on when the piano was last tuned.Regular tuning prevents damage over time. Is it worth restoring an old piano? An old piano is worth restoring when the resale or sentimental value is greater than the restoration price. See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Piano Tuning in Colorado Springs, CO - February 2024 - Yelp - Tunings by Dave, Jeffrey Huspek, LJ's Piano Tuning & Repair, Joan's Piano Service, Art Heller, Arapahoe Piano Tuning, PianoMaster, Roche Piano Services, The Felted Hammer, Superior Pianos. How much does it cost to get a piano tuned? It costs anywhere from $110-$205 to get your piano tuned. Most customers pay between $140 and $150. Some piano tuners may charge hourly rates. The average hourly rate is $60. Request quotes from several piano turners in your area for a more accurate cost estimate.Jun 21, 2023 · Costs and Time Involved in Piano Tuning. The cost and time involved in piano tuning can vary depending on several factors, such as the location, age and condition of the piano, and the expertise of the tuner. On average, piano tuning costs between $100 and $150, while the time required for the process can range from 1.5 hours for professionals ... Ask the piano technician what they charge for tuning, and what additional costs for repairs might be. Typical prices for piano tuning are at least $100, but can ...Whether you need a piano tuning, repair, or restoration, you can find a qualified and experienced tuner from the Pianoforte Tuners' Association. Search by postcode or region to find a tuner near you.Nov 27, 2023 · 1. Gather basic tools to remove the piano's external panels. To tune a piano, you will have to take it (partially) apart to get to the strings. Examine your piano and determine what size screwdrivers or other tools you'll need to take it apart. [9] Expect the inside of the piano to be dusty. Our prices aren’t expensive – in fact we’re a little below average. Our technicians are well-trained and are authorized by many of the top manufacturers. And our service team will make booking the appointment easy and painless. So give us a call today at 905 829 2020 x 228, or email us at [email protected] and and let us know how ...We tune, fix, replace and can even completely rebuild your piano from the floor upwards. If you have a piano in need of specialised treatment then our team is just a phone call away, please call our team in Camden Town on 07795189686 or our Islington team on 07867885621. If you prefer you can use our contact form below. Contact Us.The cost of tuning a piano can vary depending on several factors, including your location, the condition of the piano, and the expertise of the tuner. On average, a standard piano tuning can cost between $100 and $200. However, prices can range outside of this range.The national average cost for piano tuning ranges between $100 and $120, although pricing can be higher or lower depending on your piano and other variables. A frequently played piano requires basic tuning every few …Fully Qualified & Insured • DBS Checked • Competitive Rates • 5 Star Customer Service Rating • Serving all of Lincolnshire. Book Online. Tel: 07985 767585 [email protected]. A piano that hasn’t been tuned in a long time will go out of tune again very quickly. How long does it take to tune a piano? A qualified technician can tune a piano in less than 1.5 hours. An appointment to tune your piano is expected to be around 2 hours to allow for unforeseen repairs or adjustments and a little banter with you, the piano ... How much does a tuning cost? Most piano tuners will charge $100-$150 per tuning, but the amount can go up to $200 depending upon the tuner's expertise. Remember, any repairs to your instrument (i.e. sticky key, broken hammer, faulty dampers, etc.) are not part of the tuning and will be an additional cost. After calling seven piano tuning companies, independent technicians, and taking extensive notes, we determined that the average cost to tune a piano is between $50 and $175. Additional services and repairs add more to the overall cost, depending on the condition of your piano. After comparing the different companies and the independent technicians, we understood that the average cost of tuning a piano varies between $100 to $175. If the piano …After the first year, a piano should be tuned 1 – 2 times each year (though some owners appreciate the more sustainable results of having their instrument tuned seasonally). Classic Pianos provides expert piano tuning services throughout the Portland area. Call 503-239-9969 to schedule today.Adrian Box Piano Tuner provides general maintenance, regular piano repairs, and expert piano tuner services throughout Greater London. Contact us for a free estimate and start enjoying your tuned piano today. Basic rates from £100 with extras for broken keys, strings, and more complex cleanings. +44 07583 527129 [email protected]: Most modern pianos cost $220 provided they are tuned serviced at least once every 1-2 years. Older pianos, (often pianos over 40), can take longer to tune, and cost $300. Pianos that are very far out of tune, either from having new strings, being moved, or not regularly maintained for ~3-20 years may need a catch up tuning service, (aka ...Tuned, a couple-focused social app developed by Meta's New Product Experimentation (NPE) team, is shutting down a little over two years in development. Tuned, Meta’s social app for...A smaller baby grand piano may cost between $5,000 and $20,000, while a concert grand piano can cost well over $150,000. ... Tuning a piano is the bare minimum maintenance we recommend everyone do at least once a year. This involves adjusting the tension of the piano strings to ensure that each note is in tune with the others. Play an …Tuned, a couple-focused social app developed by Meta's New Product Experimentation (NPE) team, is shutting down a little over two years in development. Tuned, Meta’s social app for...As a general rule, all things considered, you can expect to pay between $50 and $150 for basic piano tuning. If the tuning efforts are going to be more extensive, such as …How much does a tuning cost? Most piano tuners will charge $100-$150 per tuning, but the amount can go up to $200 depending upon the tuner's expertise. Remember, any repairs to your instrument (i.e. sticky key, broken hammer, faulty dampers, etc.) are not part of the tuning and will be an additional cost.Piano tuning estimates may vary but in general, you can expect to pay between $50 and $100 for a basic tuning job. If your piano has not been tuned in a while or is severely out of tune, the price may be higher. It's also worth noting that concert pianos are typically more expensive to tune than an upright piano.Before you use a mower, trimmer, blower, chain saw or pruner this season, inspect equipment, review equipment manuals, and look over safety procedures. Expert Advice On Improving Y...Piano Tuning Services. Regular piano tuning is key to the stability and health of your instrument. A skilled piano technician can identify and address any potential problems before they escalate. Having your piano tuned by a PTA Member gives you peace of mind that the work is carried out to the highest standard, ensuring an accurate, stable and ...A baby grand piano will generally cost around $20,000 to $135,000, while a full concert grand piano will cost between a whopping $60,000 and $287,000. So the concert grand pianos are certainly not for beginners. The cheaper baby grand piano brands include Yamaha, Kawaii, Brodmann, and Baldwin, while the more expensive …Using a Tuner. To tune your autoharp, you’ll need a digital tuner. Clip-on tuners work best because they can be attached to the tuning pegs or near the string you want to tune. Turn on the tuner and ensure it’s set to the right mode for your autoharp. You can refer to your tuner’s instructions for detailed settings.Google is working with Microsoft, Zoom, Netflix, and Amazon to make some of their popular apps best suited for the Pixel Fold. Google launched its first foldable device, the Pixel ...No extra cost for minor piano repairs as part of a tuning service. Piano Tuning Services Call Brian on 0210 389 496 if you would like a free quote, or need more information. Piano Tuning From $150 plus travel fee Pedal Regulation/Action Setup $60 per hour Expert Advice I am happy to share my knowledge on piano tuning and repair.There is no standard figure, but for an average upright piano in average condition, a ball-park figure is £4,000 to £4,500. For a baby grand, £6,000 to £6,500. For a boudoir grand £7,500 to £8,000. For a larger grand, from £9,000. VAT and transportation costs are additional to the figures shown. Call us on 01865 790400 to discuss further. | Cyamdcn (article) | Mcmluv.